National Missions
The Deep Ocean Mission (DOM) is a strategic initiative launched by the Government of India under the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), aimed at unlocking the vast potential of the deep sea for national development. Launched in 2021, this mission marks a significant step toward building India’s capabilities in ocean exploration and aligns closely with the country’s vision of a Blue Economy.
The primary objective of DOM is to develop deep-sea technologies and undertake detailed exploration of ocean resources, such as minerals, biodiversity, and climate-related data. The mission supports scientific innovation and resource management while emphasizing environmental sustainability.
Key Components:
(i) Technology for Deep-Sea Exploration
A major focus is the development of technologies for navigating and researching deep ocean environments. This includes "Matsya 6000," a manned submersible designed to carry three individuals up to 6,000 meters below sea level, enabling first-hand exploration.
(ii) Resource Mapping and Extraction
DOM facilitates the survey and extraction of polymetallic nodules—rich in metals like nickel, cobalt, and manganese—from the Central Indian Ocean Basin. This could help reduce dependence on imports of critical minerals.
(iii) Study of Deep-Sea Biodiversity
The mission supports in-depth study of unexplored marine ecosystems, helping scientists discover new species and assess the potential for marine-based biotechnology.
(iv) Ocean Climate Services
Through enhanced understanding of ocean currents, temperature profiles, and biogeochemical processes, DOM contributes to more accurate climate modeling and disaster forecasting.
(v) Infrastructure and Human Resource Development
It also includes the establishment of cutting-edge marine research facilities and training programs to build skilled manpower in deep-sea science and engineering.