Executive Summary : | Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are high-performance inhomogeneous materials in which constituents and/or microstructures gradually change along spatial directions, resulting in a gradual change in properties. The material properties of the FGMs can be customized to accomplish the specific requirements in different engineering utilizations. The special attribute of these materials is that they eradicate the interface problems such as delamination, stress concentration, etc. due to proficient and continuous change of material properties from one interface to the other. The FGMs can be fabricated using a variety of well-established processing methods such as powder metallurgy, centrifugal casting, hot press sintering and spark plasma sintering, etc. However, it is also known that there are some inherent drawbacks (less effective to achieve continuous gradation) to existing methods. Therefore, the proposed work is aimed to develop an economical and eco-friendly novel manufacturing technique for Eco-FGMs. This novel method is based on the use of the “Electromagnetic” effect to disperse the magnetic particles and hence to synthesize any Ferrous/Polymer as well as Ferrous/Metal graded materials. The proposed technology can be used for the conversion of the concept of continuous gradient into reality with accuracy and precision for developing FGMs with any gradient in a controlled manner. Electronic waste and other industrial waste ferrous and other materials will be used as raw material after the proper pre-processing phases. Subsequently, the developed materials will be characterized for mechanical properties, tribological, and corrosion responses. To save energy and minimize the waste into many experimental trials, finite element simulation will be employed to optimize the process parameters at various stages of fabrication. Finally, structural responses (Flexural, vibration, and buckling) will be investigated experimentally and computationally. |