Executive Summary : | In atmospheric energetics, we study the various energy terms responsible for different motions and phenomena in the atmosphere. The primary energy components are latent heat, sensible heat, radiation, atmospheric potential energy, and kinetic energy. The atmospheric potential energy and kinetic energy are called the mechanical energy components. It also deals with the generation, dissipation, and transport of the energies from one form to other. The atmospheric energy cycle was first explained by Lorenz by considering the mechanical energy components, conversions among them, and generations/dissipations, and called as Lorenz cycle. Investigating various energy terms in the atmospheric energies allows us to diagnose the atmospheric system's energy flow and motion. Thus, a study of atmospheric energetics provides a reliable technique for understanding the atmospheric system, corresponding weather, and climate. The earth system is in quasi-equilibrium due to incoming and outgoing radiation balance. Along with the radiation balance at the top, the horizontal redistribution of energy is equally essential for the earth's energy balance and modifies the thermal structure of the atmosphere. The modification in energy distribution creates the available potential energy, which is the portion of potential energy, which could be converted into kinetic energy, a driving force for atmospheric circulation and motion. Therefore, the mechanical energy components play important roles in Earth's atmospheric system. All the earth system components are interlinked and have continuous impact and feedback on each other. In this work, we propose to observe changes in the monsoonal activities in connection with ENSO (El-Nino Southern Oscillations). Several researchers have shown that ENSO has a significant impact on the monsoon. So to quantify the changes in atmospheric energy components distribution and its connection with the monsoonal activity, we propose this research work. This project will primarily focus on long-term atmospheric behaviors, emphasizing the mechanical energy components and conversions. The mean states and temporal variations of mechanical energy components and conversion rates of the global atmosphere of Earth will be investigated with the modern satellite-based meteorological datasets. The work involves the complex calculation for estimating various terms in the Lorenz cycle, and coding will be required for 2D/3D simulation of multiple parameters. This work will provide us the magnitude of Spatio-temporal variability in the energy components. The monsoon is an essential phenomenon concerning the Indian climate and involves various uncertainties in its prediction. This work will make us understand the changes caused in the atmospheric energetics and associated dynamics owing to ENSO and will help to predict the future climate better. |