Cognitive Sciences and Psychology
Title : | Excitation Inhibition Ratio Changes in Autism Spectrum Disorders Parallels in Human Subjects and Mouse Models separate role of subtractive and div |
Area of Research : | Cognitive Sciences and Psychology |
Focus Area : | Neurodevelopmental Disorders |
Principal Investigator : | Dr. Sharba Bandyopadhyay, Indian Institute Of Technology (IIT) Kharagpur, West Bengal (721300) |
Co-PI: | Prof. Mallika Banerjee, TECHNO INDIA Director Pradip: Centre for Autism management, Kolkata, West Bengal (700015), Dr. Rajlakshmi Guha, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kharagpur, West Bengal (721302) |
Contact info : | sharba@ece.iitkgp.ac.in;
mallib@hotmail.com;
rajg@cet.iitkgp.ac.in |
Timeline Start Year : | 2023 |
Timeline End Year : | 2026 |
Total Budget (INR): | 60,47,558 |
Details
Executive Summary : | Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are complex neurodevelopmental disorders with marked deficits in sensory, motor, and integrative behavior. They can be caused by genetic or environmental factors affecting the same neural pathways. The etiology and pathogenesis of ASDs are not understood, but studying neural mechanisms underlying them can direct therapeutics. ASDs are clinically characterized by deficits in communication, speech, social interaction, repetitive behavior, and impaired cognitive flexibility. Sensory perception abnormalities in ASDs have been reported, with hearing incongruence being prevalent. Sensory temporal processing deficits exist in ASD individuals, leading to the inability to learn and process speech. Impaired sensory processing in ASDs could cause the inability to parse speech in competitive talker environments. Additionally, ASD patients show impaired reversal learning, a marker of cognitive/behavioral flexibility, leading to repetitive behavior and learning disability. Both outcomes are outcomes of specific synaptic and circuit level dysfunction tied to sensory processing and to deficits in top-down mechanisms controlling flexibility. The current study aims to focus on the changes in inhibitory neuron (INN) in the context of temporal processing and RL. The project studies two aspects of ASDs - temporal deviant processing and deviant based reversal-learning RL of sensory skills. The established prenatal exposure to valproic acid (VPA)-based ASD mouse model will be used as an environmental induced ASD and 16p11.2del male mouse model for a genetic based model of ASDs. The study will go a step further by parsing out contributions of divisive and subtractive inhibition from EEG in human subjects and directly from PV and SOM neuronal activity and micro network connectivity measurements in animal models. The study will attempt to do this during a cognitive learning task, focusing on the specific inhibition involved in local cortical sensory processing and top-down influences and their deficits in ASDs. This research is a first of its kind, testing and parsing out roles of different kinds of inhibition involved in local cortical sensory processing and top-down influences and their deficits in ASDs. |
Equipments : | Computer, Data Server ( Rs.299838.00 ) , Computer, Data Server ( Rs.0.00 ) , Computer, Data Server ( Rs.0.00 ) |
Organizations involved