Life Sciences & Biotechnology
Title : | Combined effect of elevated CO2 and temperature on water use efficiency, productivity, quality of major cereal fodder crops and soil health |
Area of research : | Life Sciences & Biotechnology |
Principal Investigator : | Dr. seva Nayak Dheeravathu, Indian Institute Of Millets Research, Telangana |
Timeline Start Year : | 2022 |
Timeline End Year : | 2025 |
Contact info : | sevanayak2012@gmail.com |
Equipments : | OTC Structure ( SCADA HMI Software/Control panel and automation system , CO2 Monitor, polycarbonate |
Details
Executive Summary : | The increased atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide ([CO2]) is one of the factors responsible for global warming. Increasing level of CO2 concentration has positive and negative effects on crop plants. Under elevated CO2, photosynthetic rate of C3 crops increased, due reduced photorespiration and improved the water use efficiency was observed more in C3 than C4 plants. Ferey et al., (2008) reported that under elevated CO2 enhanced root exudation, root growth and increased plant biomass. Oat cultivated under elevated CO2 (600+50 ppm) conditions showed increase in dry mass (Poornima Swami et al., 2007). Amanda et al (2015) reported that protein content in grains was improved by 60% in sorghum grown under elevated CO2. Increasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere leads to escalation in temperature, affecting most of the physiological processes in plants. It has been estimated that 2°C increase in temperature above 30°C reduces the maize yields. High temperature stress reduces grain yield and quality of oat. Prasad et al (2015) reported that temperatures ranging from 25 to 370C drastically decreased individual grain weight when imposed at the start of grain filling in sorghum. Food, fodder and nutritional security depends on quality seed. Many experiments conducted worldwide suggested that climate, has a marked effect on fodder productivity and quality. Currently, India is facing net deficit of 61.1% green fodder, 21.9% dry crop residues and acute shortage (64%) in availability of seeds of many forage crops. At present seed availability of forage crops is only 15-20%. There is high demand for fodder cultivation and seed production at present and future as well. A major challenge ahead for those involved in the seed industry, therefore, is to provide cultivars that can maximize future crop production in a changing climate. It has been assumed that increasing atmospheric CO2 may have direct effect on crop productivity. In recent years researchers have been predicting that the green house effect will dramatically change global weather patterns in the next century, i.e. air temperature, CO2 level and drought spells may rises in the coming years. There are very few or no studies available on the individual and interactive response of elevated CO2 and temperature on WUE, physiological and biochemical parameters of biomass, seed yield and quality in forage sorghum and oat crops and soil micro flora as well as on other soil health properties. Therefore it is very essential at this stage to assess the effect of this CO2, temperature and WUE and take necessary measures to avoid any adverse effect that this change may have the following objectives |
Co-PI: | Dr. Manasa Vakada, ICAR - Indian Institute Of Rice Research, Hyderabad, Telangana-500030, Dr. Bandeppa Govindappa Sonth, ICAR - Indian Institute Of Rice Research, Hyderabad, Telangana-500030, Dr. Venkateswarlu Ronda, Indian Institute Of Millets Research, Hyderabad, Telangana-500030 |
Total Budget (INR): | 42,86,347 |
Organizations involved